Citation Information :
Pandey S, Sapre S, Shrivastava R, Vaishnav SB. Complications Necessitating Hospitalization after MTP Pill Use: A 1-year Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Teaching Institute in Gujarat. J South Asian Feder Obs Gynae 2024; 16 (6):644-649.
Background: Over-the-counter (OTC) medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) pill intake is on the rise across India. Clinical experience, and research, have documented several complications in such users. Adequate data from our district in this context is lacking. This study was conducted to examine the factors necessitating hospital admission in patients post-MTP pill administration and to characterize their clinical profile and sociodemographic factors.
Materials and methods: This 1 year, hospital-based retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, Anand, Gujarat, India.
Study population: Women hospitalized with a history of administration of MTP pills (self/health provider prescribed) between 1st January 2022 and 31st December 2022. A final sample size of 70 was obtained.
Data source: Data abstraction from hospital records.
Results: 92.85% of our study population had a self-prescribed OTC intake of MTP pills, and mainly comprised 3rd gravidas (41.42%), aged between 21 and 30 (67.14%) with pill intake at <12 weeks of gestation in 84.28%. About 87.14% presented with an incomplete abortion, complicated by severe anemia in 30% and shock in 52.85%, necessitating transfusion of blood products in 35.71%.
Conclusion: Complications and treatment related expenditure far outweigh the ease of an OTC abortifacient for many. However, given the large number of those who rely on self-intake, pilot studies assessing the feasibility of the new WHO recommendations on abortion service delivery may be one step towards safeguarding both a reproductive right and their health.
Clinical significance of our study: The establishment of OTC MTP pill intake as a preferred method of termination of pregnancy amongst our women, and the resultant adverse effects related to its use.
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