Increasing Prevalence of Antepartum Hemorrhage “A Preventable Cause of Adverse Maternal and Fetal Outcome”: Clinical Audit on Antepartum Hemorrhage and Role of CCU in Optimizing Maternal Outcome in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Monica Agrawal, Suchi Agrawal, Vandana Gautam, Ruchica Goel, Shyam P Jaiswar, Sujata Deo
Citation Information :
Agrawal M, Agrawal S, Gautam V, Goel R, Jaiswar SP, Deo S. Increasing Prevalence of Antepartum Hemorrhage “A Preventable Cause of Adverse Maternal and Fetal Outcome”: Clinical Audit on Antepartum Hemorrhage and Role of CCU in Optimizing Maternal Outcome in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India. J South Asian Feder Obs Gynae 2024; 16 (6):634-640.
Introduction: Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) is a life-threatening emergency and a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Objective: To determine the prevalence, etiology, sociodemographic characteristics, associated risk factors, and maternal and fetal outcome in patients of antepartum hemorrhage (APH).
Materials and methods: One-year retrospective study was done by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KGMU, Lucknow. All patients admitted with a diagnosis of APH were included. Data were retrieved from case sheets and hospital delivery registers.
Results: Total deliveries were 9404, and 711 cases of APH were recorded. The institutional prevalence rate was 7.5%. Around 53.6% of cases were due to abnormal placental locations, 46% were due to abruptio placentae, and 0.4% were due to other causes. Around 69% of cases of abnormal placental location were of placenta previa and 31% were of low-lying placenta. Age difference in the two groups was statistically insignificant, while there was a significant difference in parity and booking status. Mean gestational age at the time of termination of pregnancy was 34.3 ± 2.3 weeks. Emergency primary LSCS was the commonest and statistically significant mode of delivery. Around 42% of patients had anemia and 17.3% had severe anemia. Around 4.3% of patients presented with hemorrhagic shock, 3.2% had DIC, and 2.7% were in ARF. Fetal complications like preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), low birth weight (LBW), and neonatal unit (NNU) admissions were 65, 16, 46, and 12%, respectively. There were 40 morbidly adherent placenta and 40 cesarean hysterectomies for the same maternal mortality was 1.1%.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis, advanced obstetrical care, and a multidisciplinary approach in cases of maternal hemorrhage can reduce maternal and perinatal mortality.
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