Assessment of Sleep and Cognitive Decline Using Hindi Questionnaire
Vandana Agarwal, Renuka Malik, Aarti Jangid
Keywords :
Cognitive impairment questionnaire, Hindi questionnaire for cognitive impairment, Hindi questionnaire for sleep impairment, Indian menopausal women, Jenkin sleep score, Sleep questionnaire
Background: Sleep and cognitive decline are co-dependent and occur in aging, menopause, chronic pain, and other chronic illnesses. The degree of decline is often difficult to assess and many questionnaires have been designed to assess them. It is useful to have a questionnaire in the native language for assessment as it removes translation bias. This study was designed to validate the Hindi-translated versions of the pre-validated Six-item cognitive impairment test (CIT-E) and the Jenkins sleep scale (JSS-E).
Materials and methods: 50 bilingual women, well-versed in English and Hindi, were recruited for the study. There was a drop out of two patients and 48 completed the study. They were first given the English version of the two questionnaires and scores were calculated. After fifteen days, the Hindi-translated version was given and scores were calculated. The two scores of English and Hindi versions were compared and analyzed for validation.
Results: The Hindi-translated versions of both questionnaires showed high validity and good correlation with the English version of the questionnaires. They possess good convergent and discriminant validity. Jenkins sleep scale-H showed a positive correlation with JSS-E with a correlation coefficient of 0.995, inter-rater kappa of 0.952, and p-value < 0.0001. CIT-H showed a positive correlation with CIT-E having a correlation coefficient of 0.91, inter-rater kappa of 0.658, and p-value < 0.0001.
Conclusion: The Hindi-translated versions of the JSS and CIT questionnaires are recommended for the assessment of sleep and cognitive decline in Indian women.
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