Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Register      Login

VOLUME 16 , ISSUE S3 ( December, 2024 ) > List of Articles

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Adnexal Torsion: Clinical Study in a Tertiary Care Center in India

Sneha Mathimaaran, Vasanthalakshmi Gonnabhaktula Naga

Keywords : Adnexal complex, Fertility, Histopathology, Laparoscopy, Laparotomy, Ovarian torsion, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Pregnancy, Reproductive age-group, Ultrasonography

Citation Information :

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10006-2521

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 03-02-2025

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim and objective: Adnexal torsion is a rare gynecological emergency. It involves females of all age-groups. It requires early diagnosis and intervention in order to save the adnexa from irreversible injury. Our study elaborates on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of adnexal torsion in a tertiary care center in India. Study design: Prospective study. Materials and methods: It is a clinical study conducted at Sri Ramachandra Institute of Research and Higher Education over a period of 1 year from January 2018 to January 2019. Results: Most cases of adnexal torsion presented with diffuse pain abdomen (64.2%), nausea and vomiting (42.8%). About 60% were mainly found in the reproductive age-group of 20–30 years. Five antenatal cases with adnexal torsion were observed (11%). Polycystic ovaries (21.4%) and hypothyroidism (50%) were the notable risk factors associated with this complaint. Size more than 5 cm were increasingly associated with adnexal torsion. Ultrasound was used as a primary imaging modality although in few cases like pregnancy, large masses in which ultrasound was inconclusive CT and MRI were more convincing. Laparoscopy was the preferred mode of intervention with an attempt to conserve the ovary in childbearing age-group. However, 24% of cases were converted to laparotomy in view of large size of the mass or hemodynamic instability. Conclusion: Adnexal torsion is one of the rare emergency which requires an expertise team for early diagnosis using imaging and clinical symptoms. Prompt surgical intervention is required to preserve the ovarian tissue especially in younger age-group.


PDF Share
  1. McWilliams GD, Hill MJ, Dietrich CS 3rd. Gynecologic emergencies. Surg Clin North Am 2008;88(2):265–283, vi. DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2007.12.007.
  2. Growdon WB, Laufer MR. Ovarian and fallopian tube torsion. Uptodate 2013;4:1–18.
  3. Wilkinson C, Sanderson A. Adnexal torsion – A multimodality imaging review. Clin Radiol 2012;67(5):476–483. DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2011.10.018.
  4. Nair S, Joy S, Nayar J. Five year retrospective case series of adnexal torsion. J Clin Diagn Res 2014;8(12):9–13. DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/9464.5251.
  5. Oelsner G, Shashar D. Adnexal torsion. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2006;49(3):459–463. DOI: 10.1097/00003081-200609000-00006.
  6. Chen M, Chang CD, Yang YS. Torsion of previous normal adnexa. Evaluation of the correlation between the pathological changes and clinical characteristics. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2001;80(1):58–61.
  7. Spinelli C, Buti I, Pucci V, et al. Adnexal torsion in children and adolescents: New trends to conservative surgical approach. Gynecol Edocrinol 2013;29(1):54–58. DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2012.705377.
  8. Valsky DV, Esh-Broder E, Cohen SM, et al. Added value of the gray-scale whirlpool sign in the diagnosis of adnexal torsion. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2010;36(5):630–634. DOI: 10.1002/uog.7732.
  9. Hiller N, Appelbaum L, Simonovsky N, et al. CT features of adnexal torsion. Am J Roentgenol 2007;189(1):124–129. DOI: 10.2214/AJR.06.0073.
  10. Hasson J, Tsafrir Z, Azem F, et al. Comparison of adnexal torsion between pregnant and nonpregnant women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010;202(6):536.e1–e6. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.11.028.
  11. Tsafrir Z, Azem F, Hasson J, et al. Risk factors, symptoms, and treatment of ovarian torsion in children: The twelve-year experience of one center. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2012;19(1):29–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2011.08.722.
  12. Rousseau V, Massicot R, Darwish AA, et al. Emergency management and conservative surgery of ovarian torsion in children: A report of 40 cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2008;21(4):201–206. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2007.11.003.
  13. Oelsner G, Bider D, Goldenberg M, et al. Long term follow up of twisted ischemic adnexal mass managed by detorsion 1993;60(6):976–979. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56395-x.
  14. White M, Stella J. Ovarian torsion: 10-year perspective. Emerg Med Australas 2005;17(3):231–237. DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-6723.2005.00728.x.
  15. Ashwal E, Krissi H, Hiersch L, Less S, Eitan R, Peled Y. Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Ovarian Torsion in Premenarchal Girls. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2015;28(6):526–529. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2015.03.010.
  16. Karaman E, Beger B, Çetin O, et al. Ovarian torsion in normal ovary: A diagnostic challenge. Med Sci Monit 2017;23:1312–1315. DOI: 10.12659/msm.902099''10.12659/msm.902099.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.