Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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VOLUME 14 , ISSUE 5 ( September-October, 2022 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Center

Eshita Davinder Wadhwa, Smurti Gorakhnath Kamble

Keywords : Cardiovascular collapse, Cardiac disease in pregnancy, Heart failure, High-risk pregnancy, Maternal mortality, Obstetric outcomes

Citation Information : Wadhwa ED, Kamble SG. Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Center. J South Asian Feder Obs Gynae 2022; 14 (5):583-586.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10006-2110

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 16-11-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2022; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aims and objectives: To study associated risk factors, a clinical pattern of presentation, course of the disease, and outcome in Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) cases. Materials and methods: A retrospective observational study of cases diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LTMMC, Mumbai, for a duration of 2 years (from January 2020 to December 2021). Results: Out of a total of 12,880 delivered patients in 2 years, 9 (0.07%) cases were diagnosed and managed as PPCM. Our study revealed that PPCM was common in young patients in the age group 21–30 years. About 5 (55.6%) were primigravidas and 4 were (44.4%) multigravidas. In our study, 56% of cases presented antenatally and 44% postnatally. The majority of study participants had NYHA grade III breathlessness. Cardiogenic shock in the form of the postpartum collapse was noted in a single case. Preeclampsia was the most common obstetric comorbidity noted in 66% of cases. Medical comorbidity in the form of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) was present in 11% of cases and chronic hypertension in 22% of cases. Mean ejection fraction was 34% on 2D echo. No thromboembolic event was noted in any case. Maternal mortality was seen in 2/9 (22%) cases. Conclusion: The majority of the study participants were young primigravidas with preeclampsia being a strongly associated risk factor. Early signs and symptoms of heart failure can be obscured by physiological hemodynamic changes in pregnancy. A high index of suspicion is thus essential for early diagnosis and timely intervention, which is the key measure for a favorable outcome.


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